Anthelmintic activity of Carica pubescens aqueous seed extract and its effects on rumen fermentation and methane reduction in Indonesian thin-tailed sheep: An in vitro study

Background and Aim: Seeds from Carica pubescens were observed to be abundant as waste. This waste contains active plant compounds whose utilization has not been studied in the livestock sector. study was conducted evaluate potential of an aqueous seed extract (ASE) anthelmintic agent during rumen fermentation methane reduction. Materials Methods: Aqueous prepared C. cultivated Wonosobo, Indonesia. Phytochemical analyses performed quantify secondary metabolite content ASE. In vitro adult worm mortality tests, scanning electron microscopy, gas production tests characteristics, reduction, ASE against Haemonchus contortus. Adult worms ruminal fluid collected Indonesian thin-tailed sheep. Two-way analysis variance followed by Tukey’s test using Statistical Package for Social Sciences® 21.0 software detect significant differences. Results: results showed that 1–5% inhibited H. contortus after 1st h incubation, 5% suppressed 100% 5th h. Scanning microscopy ASE-treated revealed damaged cuticle structures. had no effect on pH, NH3, volatile fatty acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, acetate: or microbial protein (p > 0.05). The feed significantly affected Conclusion: inclusion up sheep diets may serve a alternative well reduction agent, without deleterious effects fermentation. Keywords: pubescens, fermentation, greenhouse, contortus, metabolite, ruminant.